85725561975000180975375285000Nobody knows exactly Essays - Chemistry

85725561975000180975375285000Nobody knows exactly who or when iron was discovered but it has been around since ancient times as far back as 5000Bc. The iron age began about 1300-1200 BC when iron became cheap enough to replace bronze. Websites: http://ironfact.weebly.com/ http://www.elementalmatter.info/iron-properties.htm http://www.innovateus.net/innopedia/what-are-uses-iron http://www.google.ca/url?sa=irct=jq=esrc=ssource=imagescd=cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjr1YDh9IHLAhUY5WMKHcHbDRkQjRwIBwurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisegeek.org%2Fwhat-are-some-uses-for-iron.htmpsig=AFQjCNFca7FlkYYyBPXph3R-2Fxo98toXQust=1455905359817902 http://www.google.ca/url?sa=irct=jq=esr c=ssource=imagescd=cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwicgYrq9IHLAhUU8WMKHSn7B9QQjRwIBwurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ehow.com%2Flist_7699672_uses-malleable-cast-iron.htmlpsig=AFQjCNFca7FlkYYyBPXph3R-2Fxo98toX http://www.google.ca/url?sa=irct=jq=esrc=ssource=imagescd=cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwj5n_S69YHLAhVE2mMKHdmMAYoQjRwIBwurl=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.relicnews.com%2Fprintthread.php%3Ft%3D168248%26pp%3D50%26page%3D13psig=AFQjCNFca7FlkYYyBPXph3R-2Fxo98toXQust=1455905359817902 1543051466850 00 Iron Iron is a metal What are the Physical Properties of Iron? Color Silver-gray metal Malleability Capable of being shaped or bent Ductility Easily pulled or stretched into a thin wire Luster Has a shine or glow Conductivity Good transmission of heat or electricity Allotropy It occurs in two or more crystalline forms in the same physical state Tensile It can be stretched without breaking Ferromagnetic Easily magnetized Iron, a metal, is the 26th element on the periodic table. Its atomic weight is 55.845, and it exists as a solid at room temperature. Iron melts at 2,800 degrees Fahrenheit and boils at 5,182 F. In its pure state, iron has a density of 7.874 grams per cubic centimeter 11449048381900 Iron is an element that has been known in its pure form for at least 5,000 years. The name "iron" comes from the Anglo-Saxon word "iron" and Scandinavian "iarn" for the metal. The element symbol for iron is Fe, which comes from the Latin word for iron, "ferrum". Iron is one of the most plentiful elements. It comprises about 5.6% of the earth's crust and almost all of the earth's core. The single largest use of iron is to make steel, an alloy of iron and a smaller amount of carbon. According to archaeological records from Anatolia, man has been producing steel for at least 4,000 years. Iron is a transition metal. Iron is not always magnetic! The allotrope (or form) or iron is ferromagnetic, yet if it is transformed to the b allotrope, the magnetism disappears even though the crystal lattice is unchanged.

Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas Essay Example

Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas Essay Example Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas Essay Pablo Neruda’s United Fruit Company and Ode to the Americas Essay Pablo Neruda’s political poems are unlike his other poems because of his keen focus on social commitment and harsh realities of life. His language is simple and being a common man wrote for the common man. His work is greatly criticized because of his metaphorical references in his political poems unlike any other poems of his time. His political poem majorly intervenes the Neo-Imperialism in the US during the 19th century. He denigrates the corporation due to the greed experienced by Latin American people during that age. This essay focuses on the study of ‘United Fruit Company’ and ‘Ode to Americas’ political poems. Both the poems portray the major theme of economic and political greed in Latin America. This greed is impactful at a physical, mental and emotional scale. Pablo Neruda uses a metaphor to personify natural objects and objectify humans to illustrate physical and emotional state caused by greed. The ‘Ode of Americas’ divides itself into a tripartite structure where there is the past, present, and future. The opening stanza of the ode reveals the positive and tranquil past in Latin America. The speaker’s use of â€Å"pure Americas† shows Neruda’s strong feelings he has for his country. The word â€Å"intact† suggests that the imperialists had not scathed the country. The â€Å"ocean guarded† which kept it untouched. This is more or less a military metaphor. A dependency occurred between the people and nature is highlighted with the phrasesâ€Å"shapers of pitchers† and â€Å"workers of stone†. However â€Å"United Fruit Company†expresses at the start itself how greedy they were towards the Latin Americans. The phrase â€Å"Jehovah gave the world to Coca-Cola Inc., Anaconda, Ford Motors† metaphorically means God chose to give the earth to these corrupted corporations instead of the common native peopl e or maintaining equality. The people stand powerless and suffer due to God’s will. If nature is a creation of God

Police Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Police Operations - Essay Example Initial law enforcement undertakings in the USA were tentatively planned, as there was no supposed need for permanent, trained forces, and watchmen were frequently volunteers. In the eighteenth century, nevertheless, large urban areas for example New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Chicago had established permanent police forces. Specialized, permanent state police forces were not customary in the America until the twentieth century. The 20th Century heralded pragmatic research and expertise to the world of policing. Innovative practice in identifying bodily characteristics for example fingerprints, first applied in the early 1900s concerned police agencies used more authority on criminal inquiries, crime deterrence, and other specialized jobs. In the period between 1920s and 1940s, nearly all large cities had special juvenile crime units; in the 1920s and 1930s, there was a growth of traffic divisions; in the 1940s and 1950s, police agencies established public relations positions; the 1950s introduced the first telephoto transmissions of documents, photographs, and fingerprints; and since the 1970s, police agencies have worked toward automated data collecting, sharing, and analysis. At the end of the 20th century, municipal police forces had specialized units for managing emergencies for example bombs, hostage situations, crowd control, undersea rescue, and violence. F Forensic science highly-advanced evidence collection and analysis in the last decades of the 20th century, however trivial, rural police operations rarely had the resources or use scientific innovations. At the same time as the consequences of DNA testing were generally believed dependable, such experiments could take months lacking the necessary resources or skilled workforce to perform them. Since 2001 there were still a number of states with no regular system of preserving crime incidents and collection of evidence. Police Organization: An Introduction In accordance with the U.S. Department of Justice's Bureau of Justice Statistics, in 1996 there were 922,200 permanent, local police workforce, of whom 663,535 had detention authority. Constant expansion for the last couple of decades show estimated 1 million local law enforcement employees all over the USA, about a quarter of them women and minorities. Data from 1997 show that, normally, local police officers were expected to have 1,100 hours of training, and, by 2000, over 37% of local police agencies were needed to have college education. In 2000, there were 88,496 federal officers, about thirty-one for every 100,000 people. The bulk of police officers are in Texas; California; Washington, D.C.; New York; and Florida. Since most U.S. police units have been set up and supported by the local populace, and for the reason that they were established at different periods, there are numerous forms in how the police agencies are structured and supported. Normally, city police are supported by the city and led by a police head, either chosen by the mayor or designated. Counties hire patrolman and sheriffs, who generally are responsible to an elected county

Marketing Models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Models - Essay Example Presently, marketing aspects such as advertising need to utilise persuasive communication, creative strategies and planning in order to capture the interest of the target group. The most significant feature in the marketing environment in the 21st century is the increasing active role of the consumer and the emergence of new technologies. This means that an effective and elaborate communication process must exist for a company to attract consumers (Kotler and Armstrong, 2012). There are various reasons for marketing especially when a product is in the mature stage of the product life cycle. In this stage, the sales are high but they tend to stabilize and without the right marketing channels, they can decrease. Therefore, the company needs to come up with a marketing strategy that stands out from its competitors and promotes the products in an extraordinary way (Kile, 2013). In the maturity stage, marketing plays significant roles with the consumers as it help them to associate with the brand by building trust with the customers. It also helps in increasing sales as more customers are attracted to the brand and since it is an established brand, they can trust the company to provide quality products. The company gains a favourable reputation through marketing (Brown, 2001). Marketing is significant for a company as it helps it to adapt to the constant changes occurring in the marketing environment. As many companies are embracing globalisation, information transparency and the use of the internet, their technological capabilities and business models are changing. This phenomenon has made marketing a crucial function in many organisations as they try to differentiate their products to suit the new consumer needs and expand their markets. Markets are also unpredictable following these changes, therefore, a company has to market its products to ensure that the consumers are retained and also capture the minds of new or prospective

How Tourism Affects The Environment Of Polar Regions Tourism Essay

How Tourism Affects The Environment Of Polar Regions Tourism Essay The Polar Regions are the icy areas around the North and South Poles. The Northern Polar Region is called the Arctic, while the Southern Polar Region is called the Antarctic (http://42explore.com). They are among the worlds coldest places which contain a majority of the worlds ice and snow. During the summer when the temperature increases, the ice melts, an immense population of wildlife arrive and daylight lasts practically all day. In the Arctic, a profusion of plants bloom. These extreme features may not be the worlds most popular tourist attractions, but a growing number of visitors are touring and recreating in the Polar Region environments (Synder, 2007). The Southern Polar Region of Antarctica is the least visited continent in the world. Until about 1820, no human had seen it and it is doubtful as to whether anyone landed on it before 1894 or spent a winter ashore prior to 1899. During the 1990s, the number of voyages increased as tour operators responded to a growing demand for Antarctic tourism  [1]  . These days however, parts of the continent and several of its offshore islands provide the setting for scientific studies and some of the worlds most sought after tourism experiences. From mid-November to early March, during the time when ice conditions are less severe, the region is visited regularly by tourists aboard cruise vessels (Bauer, 2001). Commercial cruise lines currently bring the highest number of tourists to Antarctica, and many have the Antarctic Peninsula area and its islands as their destination (Enzenbacher, 1991). Unlike the Antarctic, the Arctic has been attracting tourists since the 1800s. The earliest Arctic tourists were individual anglers, hunters, mountaineers, and adventurers who were attracted to abundant fisheries, exotic wildlife species, and remote regions. Mass tourism in the Arctic Region has been thriving since the mid 1800s when steamships and railroads aggressively expanded their transportation networks providing access to numerous destinations throughout the Arctic. Tourism entrepreneurs such as Thomas Cook formed partnerships with railroad and steamship companies and thereby pioneered the popular tourism industry. Numerous advances in transport technologies have also contributed to the steady growth of the Arctic Regions tourism. At present, advanced steamship technologies together with improved marine charts and navigational aids have allowed cruise ship travel to increase exponentially. Additionally, diesel locomotives, four wheel drives and tracked vehicles further opened access to vast regions of the Arctic. Most importantly however, air transport in all of its forms, provides speedy travel to the Arctic Region. Collectively, these improved transport technologies not only added numbers of tourists, but also expanded the seasonal and geographical research of Arctic tourism (Snyder, 2007). The growth of tourism in the Polar Regions presents both challenges and opportunities. Although this type of tourism may not be the worlds most popular, it is one of the fastest growing areas of tourism today. This has led to concerns about the possible negative impact on the environment. In the Arctic, tourist numbers have grown from about one million in the early 1990s to more than one and a half million today. In Antarctica, the number of ship-borne tourists increased by an astounding four hundred thirty per cent in the last fourteen years and the number of land-based tourists increased by an amazing seven hundred fifty seven per cent in the last ten years (UNEP, 2007). This level of tourism negatively affects the environment in many ways. Firstly, there is an increase in the level of soil erosion and contamination. For many visitors, a trip to the Polar Region may be a once in a lifetime experience. As such, many visitors would wish to see areas of great beauty or lushness such as bird colonies, marine mammals and caribou aggregations, many sights which would have previously only been seen in some form of visual media. There are rather few places where such sights are both accessible and reliable. Because of this tourist traffic to these areas is often high. Vegetation in the Arctic is typically unable to withstand such a high amount of human traffic, and paths that have been repeatedly trampled are now showing bare ground in some heavily visited areas. Secondly, garbage waste is left behind. With so many visitors to the Polar Regions each year, it is inevitable that there will be large amounts of garbage waste. However, because of climatic conditions, garbage waste decomposition is very slow and if left behind is visible on the bright white permafrost (www.coolantarctica.com). Sewage from cruise ships is also discharged into the sea. This causes harm to local species of fish and other sea creatures. Due to the increase in tourism, some Polar Region species are on the verge of extinction. Some forms of air transportation such as helicopters which are used for recreation purposes are very noisy. They produce noises that are foreign to the Polar Region sea birds which they find distressing and disturbing. This distress and disturbance causes panic flights and can lead to egg loss particularly in birds (Snyder, 2007). With an increase in visitors and the volume of ships comes an increase in the risk of oil spills in the Polar Region. Any oil that is spilled will be extremely difficult (if not impossible) to clean up. It may contaminate the wildlifes habitats and food sources. This will put strain on the wildlife that live there, as they are not accustomed to dealing with man-made interruptions in their daily way of life. The introduction of bird and plant diseases in the Polar Regions is another impact on the environment (Kriwoken Rootes, 2000). Because there are so many visitors coming from different parts of the world, there is a very likely possibility that some kind of plant or animal disease may be brought into the Region  [2]  . For example, a tourist may decide to sneak a plant in on one for their trips on land. Perhaps they would have unknowingly brought an infected plant for the purpose of trying to grow it in extreme cold conditions. If the plant is infected, then there is a possibility that it will infect other flora in the area. Other environmental impacts include air pollution from the various forms of air transportation and the unlawful collection of Region species as souvenirs (Kriwoken Rootes, 2000). Like anything else in life, if negative impacts are not controlled they can have lasting effects. An increase of tourism to the Polar Regions leads to an increase in environmental impacts. Should these impacts go untreated, long term effects could be dire. In the long run, soil erosion and contamination may lead to the complete removal of what little vegetation there is in the Polar Regions. Because of repeated trampling, vegetation will cease to grow. This will affect the natural beauty of the Regions. A constant build-up of garbage waste that is left on land by visitors and ship operators that does not decompose quickly will become unsightly on the bright white permafrost. Garbage waste, even in some of the most remote areas of the Regions, can cause disturbance not only to the beauty of the area but also to the wildlifes natural habitats. The waste may even cause diseases which local species may contract and this may lead to an increase in the death toll. If the Regions local species die at an increased rate (because of diseases caused by garbage waste as well as the introduction of bird and plant diseases), then the chances of a particular species becoming extinct is much greater. Although there has not been any major oil spills in the Arctic or Antarctic Regions as yet, because of the increased amount of travel there by ship, there is an increased possibility that there will be one day. Imagine if for whatever reason oil spills became an almost regular occurrence. Again, an oil spill that is difficult to clean up in an area covered by bright white permafrost will most definitely leave unsightly marks in a place of such natural beauty. Not only that, but it will also contaminate the habitats and food sources of wildlife for years to come, putting the natural food chain in disarray. Without being able to find food in their area, wildlife will be forced to migrate to other parts to find food or eventually die out. For many areas of the Polar Region, tourism is of great economic importance. Arctic economies rely on tourism for sales revenue, jobs, personal income, and public finance revenues. Tourism development is a goal for areas such as Greenland, Nunavut, Manitoba and Native Alaskan economies (Snyder, 2008). However, with increasing visitor numbers and increasing environmental impacts, the overall industry will be affected. Should current environmental impacts continue and worsen, then Polar tourism will cease to exist. Interestingly enough though, it was revealed in a study conducted by Dr. John Snyder, that tourist perceived there to be no terror threat in the Arctic, climate change publicity is free advertising and they want to see the Arctic and its wildlife before it is lost. Thankfully, organisations such as the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) and the International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO) have put in place strict guidelines to its member tour operator s and ships. Such guidelines limit the size of ships that can cruise Antarctic waters and also how many people can be landed at sites around Antarctica. So far the IAATO is perceived as being successful in its aims and its Regulation protection for Antarctic protection (www.coolantarctica.com). The North and South Arctic and Antarctic Polar Regions are some of the coldest places on earth, but also the most pristine. Visitor numbers have been increasing at a fast rate. However, such an increase brings with it increases in environmental impacts. These include soil erosion and contamination, the introduction of bird and plant diseases, an increased risk of oil spills, Polar Region species becoming on the verge of extinction and unsightly garbage waste being left behind by visitors. Long term effects could be dire, and if not properly regulated may see Polar Region tourism ceasing to exist.

Wedding Toast - Best Man Essay -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Wedding Speech – Best Man Hello my name’s Paul and I’m Martin’s best man, although I’m sure Martin will have a new name for me by the time I’ve finished this. When Martin asked me to be his best man I was initially thrilled at the prospect. Unfortunately it didn't take long for this feeling of well being to dissolve into utter apprehension as I remembered the last time I had to stand up in a room full of people†¦.. I was found guilty and fined $300. I went to a wedding two weeks ago that was held in a nudist colony. Apparently I was just half an inch away from being the best man there too. By the way, if anyone is running a book on the length of this speech could I put $5 on it lasting 12 minutes please? Martin Firstly I’d like to congratulate Martin on his speech. I'm particularly impressed with the fact that you all paid attention and followed his instructions not to laugh. I’m also impressed that Martin followed my instructions to dress smartly today, although I am a bit disappointed he decided to copy my outfit. I have known Martin for over 10 long long years now. When I first met him in college he was loud, aggressive, rude, abusive and swore a lot, but just look at the man he’s become now†¦..nothing has changed. Whilst at college we discovered a local nightclub called Winkers. I would regularly witness Martin’s unique, raw, undiscovered style of dancing in Winkers that left the women speechl... ...any more happy years of friendship. On behalf of all of us in this room I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Pete and Sue Foster for the wonderful hospitality they have shown today. Martin would also like to thank Pete and Sue, in advance, for how well they’re going to treat him in the future. I’d also like to thank the bridesmaids and ushers today for their invaluable contribution to the wedding, I’m sure you’ll all agree with me that they all look wonderful. So, finally (get a glass in your hand): Here's to love, laughter And happily ever after. As Martin and Anne start their new life Please stand and toast the new husband and wife Ladies and gentlemen†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦the Bride and Groom

Radical Policies of President Franklin D Roosevelt

President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the New Deal program to attack the Great Depression that was plummeting the nation into a financial crisis; his plan can be said to have been a radical departure from Roosevelt†s predecessors. Roosevelt was brought to power with the expectation that he would initiate a major shift in the nature of government, and his actions following his campaign can rightfully be dubbed Roosevelt†s predecessors can be said to have been more conservatives than radicals. President Coolidge†s objective was to reduce the significance of the presidency and to limit the powers of the overnment. He was content to let all of the nation†s problems work themselves out. He twice vetoed the McNary-Haugen bill, which would have drastically helped farmers by buying crop surpluses. President Hoover believed that the role of the gov†t. was not to solve the problems, but to help the problems disappear. He stated that â€Å"if gov†t solved society†s problems directly, people would give up their freedom and gov†t. would become the problem. † From public pressure, however, Hoover began to promote more direct fed. volvement, initiating such programs as the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the Agric. Marketing Act, which helped farmers by buying their crop surpluses. His actions had little effect on the economy, but FDR made sure that his actions did. Roosevelt took a much larger step in using fed. involvement, more then any other President had done before. Roosevelt†s philosophy differed in that he promoted direct relief for the â€Å"forgotten man† in financial trouble. He saw nothing wrong with gov†t. activism, and he chose to use the fed. gov†t. to try to regenerate economic growth. Some programs, including the Agric. Adjustment Act and the National Reconstruction Administration, even allowed gov†t to become too involved, resulting in Supreme Court legislation declaring them illegal and unconstitutional. His instituted loan and price-support programs which farmers became dependent upon, the Wagner Act as the overseer of labor-management relations, and a program to regulate the banking system and financial systems. In other words, he significantly changed the role of gov†t in the ecomony and in society by granting gov†t more control over them. After the New Deal and the Second Hundred Days were over, society held the expectation that the Pres. and the gov†t. were responsible for correcting any or all problems that they had. Even so, Roosevelt†s radical actions had stabilized the economy and prevented economic collapse. Conservatives argue that Roosevelt undermined individualism and free enterprise, but really he simply saved the nation with his ideas and reforms. Roosevelt may have used the fed. gov†t. intensely in society, but he saved thousands of unemployed workers and helped his fellow man.